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Question: Discuss about theProfessional Practice and Communication. Answer: Introduction The manufacturing industry plays a major role in environmental damage especially those that dispose toxic wastes to the surrounding. The research involves how the professional practice and communication skills participate to manage these kind of wastes. Therefore the research is carried out to highlight the ethical practices that professional practices stipulate. Furthermore, communication is important to the engineering industry in order to reduce the level of ignorance towards the environment. There has been several case studies relating to disposal of toxic wastes that affect people and animals. The professional practice emphasize that those who companies that are responsible for pollution should pay to clean the environment. However, the responsible parties do not afford the cleanup costs. Therefore, there is a clear communication that every property owner should clean the waste disposals. The integrated waste management and control lays techniques and strategies that handle wast es(Brown, 1987). Therefore the professional practice shall focus on waste minimization, pollution prevention, reuse, recycle, land fill and waste to energy. There are some areas which are highly contaminated with toxics as a result affect the public health. Some factories move wastes from town to town which is illegal and therefore there is a protection from the professional practices. Additionally, the state regulates the dumping of toxic wastes into rivers and grounds. There are companies that build landfills with the aim of reducing pollution. The research enables us to find out the professional practice and communication to different fields. They are few professional proposal relating to establishment of regional facilities that involve affected people, regional revenue sharing, and evaluation of regional impacts. The case study of a chemical accident in Hungary that drain the toxic waste to a nearby river. The research shows that the toxic wastes are dangerous by products of farming, city septic systems, constructions, laboratories, and automotive garages. Therefore the waste could be in form of solid, sludge, and liquid. There are other poisonous byproducts that contain heavy metal, radiation, pathogens, and toxic chemicals(Bennett, 1996). The findings from this case study highlights that waste harm animals, human, and plants especially when they are in contact with stream run off, ground water and toxins buried under ground. People rely on drinking water from these polluted rivers and streams. The toxins persist and accumulate in the environment therefore affects the animals and humans. The professional practice formulates rules that cover the hazardous waste in the country. Therefore, there is protection of citizens from environment pollution. Additionally, there are communication departments that communicate about effects of hazardous waste to the related parties. The practices emphasize that the wastes should be handled with precautions as well as dispose the toxic wastes at designated facilities(Daley, 2001). The environmental professional practices have particular collection days for hazardous wastes from their households. The findings show that there is a hazardous waste facility that stores the toxic disposals in sealed containers. Therefore, the professional practice advise that there is less toxic wastes to the rivers, soils and air. As a result, the practices stipulate that the toxic waste remains underground for a long period because it is covered with hard clay cap. In future, the surrounding communities use the sites for park and golf course besides, so me companies label the sites as brown fields sites particularly for industrial and commercial purposes. The research is essential because it explains the importance of professional practice and communication towards the environment. The practices regulate the manner in which they regulate the toxic wastes. Additionally, they give directions of storing and handling wastes to avoid dangerous effects on both human and animals(Pichtel, 2005). Furthermore, it describes the different kind of hazardous wastes and unharmful wastes to the related parties. Therefore, those that are dangerous the management should follow the rules and regulations of the environment practices. The practices emphasize that companies should clean the hazardous wastes from the relevant regions such as rivers, soils, and air. The Hungary case study reflects how the management failed to adhere to the professional practices. As a result, they drained the toxic water to the nearby river. The people living around the chemical industry were affected from the contaminated water as a result, people and animals died. The chem ical plant faced the relevant penalties and legal measures to restrict them from draining chemicals into the water. Therefore, the professional practice advise that chemical water should be treated before draining it to the streams and water. Additionally, there are frequent visits and inspections from the legal environmental practitioners who confirm that the water is nor drained into the river. Professional practices have come up with tax regimes that control the wastes .Furthermore, the state and federal governments ensure that the regulations are strict and unavoidable in order to protect human lives, animals, and plants. The case study of Hungary chemical plant is important for our research because it highlights the hazardous effects of toxic wastes to human lives such as death of aquatic animals and people. We can use another case study of an engineering practice where a supervisor decide to dump a used coolant to a drain. Therefore, the coolant was highly toxic but the management ignored the fact that it would affect people and animals. This case study covers the approach of teaching engineering ethics in the society. The case reflects that the company engages into environmentally irresponsible practices over years. The engineer dumped the coolant to the drain diluting it with water from the taps. The company drained the coolant to the drain in order to avoid expensive disposal costs of coolant drums(Danielson, 2011. ). Therefore the engineering practice reflects that this action is destructive to the environment and illegal to the environmental laws. The professional practice stresses that there should be a thorough inspection of where companies drain the coolant. Furthermore it is against the engineering practices to drain the coolant to a nearby river .As a result, they will contami nate the drinking water for both animals and humans. There is a violation of laws and regulations to any engineer who advocates for coolant drainage into the nearby rivers. Communication relates to the training and awareness of environment to the engineer in order to avoid violations in their areas of work. This article enforces our research study towards the professional practices and communication. Furthermore, it highlights that some engineers violate the environmental laws due to ignorance and reduction of disposal costs. As a result, affect people negatively due to contaminated water and air. The communication practice embraces workshops and environmental seminars with the aim of educating people about the engineering practices and communication. Therefore, the findings reflects the effects of draining the used coolant to the drain. From the two case studies, we find that the environmental and financial costs regarding to disposing solid wastes overwhelms the state and local government. Therefore, the professional practices involve in establishing the disposal costs to the related parties. This is important due to the fact that the governments shall not cover the disposal costs for the engineering companies and the rest that pollute the environment.The findings show that most companies drain their toxic wastage to the drain for the reason that disposal costs are highly expensive. The professional practice develops a budget costs for the property owners to pay the disposal costs rather than the government. Therefore, the state and local governments are relieved form the huge disposal expenses(Toft, Y., Howard, P. and Jorgensen, D., , 2003). The practices communicate to different professionals about the disposal methods that are less expensive and non pollutive to the environment.The professional communication inf luences the attitude of the public relating to the solid waste disposals and practices of reducing pollution.Additionally,the communication creates awareness about the disposal costs of household and chemical plants. The findings shows that the disposal sites fill and new sites are hard to trace and locate. Additionally, the professional standards of new sites are quite high for the manufacturing companies to afford. There are unique designs for landfills that require modifications of facilities as result, the disposal costs are expensive and complex. Professional practice and communication formulates simple methods to afford the disposal costs and expenses. Therefore, companies are in a position to embrace the new disposal charges hence they regulate the pollution to the environment.The communication also plays a major role in strategizing the methods of reducing disposals costs. The professional practices and communication also deals with the location of new waste facilities to manage the toxic and hazardous wastes. Furthermore, it gives attention to the people who are affected by the toxic wastes surrounding the engineering or chemical plants. Therefore, the practices play an important role in searching for new disposal locations and protecting the people from environmental pollution(Toft, Y., Howard, P. and Jorgensen, D., , 2003). The professionals communicate to the management regarding to the different effects of their wastes into the water, air or soil. Additionally, they stress the level of damage that will affect human beings, plants, and animals. Therefore, it is important to appreciate the professional practice that enables companies to adhere to the environmental was and regulations. Consequently, the practice and communication educates the companies on different ways of disposing their wastes. Furthermore, they stress that burying on the ground is an essential method of disposal waste. Also, this approach do not affect the living things surrounding the company. Moreover, the research highlights that the professional practice and communication distinguishes the hazardous and non-hazardous wastes. Therefore, the line between these two kinds of wastes is determined by the practices and communication. Some household could contain toxic constituents that threaten the health and environmental impact when poorly discarded(Daniel, 2012). Therefore, the public should learn new methods of disposing their chemical wastes to avoid environment degradation. Additionally, the nuclear and medical wastes should be handled by the engineering practices in order to avoid jeopardizing the ecosystem or human health. The engineering practices and communication educates different companies about the harmful and unharmful toxic wastes to the people. Recommendations. The professional practice should support the solid waste management especially in the engineering field. Additionally, it should also manage the medical, chemical, and hazardous waste according to the environmental laws and regulations. Therefore, the practices should advocate for waste to energy, reuse, landfill, and reduction of wastes. Therefore the research studies reflects that it is important to reduce the solid wastes volumes through recycling(de Vega, C.A., Bentez, S.O. and Barreto, M.E.R., , 2008). This means that the waste can be reduced or rather dispose it to the landfill. The professional practices should communicate the importance of gasification, waste to energy and reuse to the companies in order to reduce pollution. The land disposal strategy is another desirable approach that manages the hazardous and solid wastes due to the space amount required by the company. Additionally, the land disposal approach protects the ecosystem health and human from adverse effects. Consequently, the professional practice and communication enhances law enforcement on biodegradable products, source reduction, and packaging. There are applicable methods that establish waste management approach(Daley, 2001) .Furthermore, the engineer practices should stress the importance of utilizing the reusable products as well as refillable packaging. Additionally, the companies should take avoid the use of non-recyclable products as well as packaging. Therefore, this will reduce the amount of wastes thrown away to the nearby rivers by the manufacturing companies .There is a substantial reduction of toxic wastes through the recycling and refilling methods. Additionally, the product redesign will reduce the drainage of toxic waste to the rivers. Therefore, the research assists to develop recommendation that enhance waste reduction and management. The engineering practices and managements requires the reuse and recycle of materials at the waste stream particularly through a mechanical separation and source separation method. Therefore this approach allows companies to recycle paper, plastics, metals, and glass. The separation method removes the hazardous constituents from the toxic wastes(Pichtel, 2005). There should be clear communication on the use of recyclable materials for all companies in order to manage waste in the environment.The engineering practices should examine the laws that offer incentives to the use of raw and natural materials, hence, they shall provide cost savings methods to the company. There should be a recycling of contaminated debris that contain dangerous materials. Furthermore, companies should apply different technologies to enhance safe environment and waste to energy. Some hazardous materials consume large space and are bulky therefore, the lower debris is removed by the company in order to increase space and volume for more wastes.Additionally the company may consider to burn their wastes through an incinerator in order to enhance waste management and control as a result enhance a safe environment. The professional practice is pursued with an aim of protecting people apart from protecting environmental resources. There are various environmental issues regarding to policies and practices as well the need to achieve public support for environmental initiatives for instance disposal of toxic wastes. Most engineers feel pressure to involve diversity in their environmental movements either in membership or institutional leadership for professional practices and communication. The efforts to expand support originate from the groups that seem to contest with industries that strongly oppose environmental measures claiming that they will incur high energy costs. Therefore, the professional practice has a task of building trust with other companies targeted by the adversaries of environmental change. The necessity for environmental diversity is a persistent issue that fights for company groups that suffers from recruitment practices in the biggest environmental organizations. Most members of the environmental organizations are overwhelmingly ignorant, therefore, leaving out other people completely out of the equation(Brown, 1987). This affects the equity for participation to every member who would want to participate in environmental issues. Besides, less privileged companies are more concerned about environmental issues compared to the big chemical plants. Engineering professional a practice is a significant challenge to environmental members because they are denied opportunities and access to services offered by environmentalists. This involves procedures, practices and policies of professional institutions that have negative impact on companies therefore, facilitating classism among them. In conclusion the research on two case study highlight the importance of professional practice and communication. This is due to the fact that engineer practice their professionalism at their areas of work. One of the case study highlights the effects of draining the used coolant to a nearby stream. This is unethical for the reason that human beings and animals are affected negatively through the drinking water. Therefore, the company should get a better method of disposing the sued coolant rather than draining it to the river. The professional practices highlight the approach of disposing through sealable containers or reusing the coolant oil for other activities. Hence, this approach will not damage the environment(Toft, Y., Howard, P. and Jorgensen, D., , 2003).The second caste study reflects a chemical plant in Hungary that disposed the toxic water to a nearby stream, hence ,people died due to the use of contaminated water. Therefore, professional practice and communication advoc ates the separation method to remove the harmful constituents from toxic wastes. It is important to embrace the recommendations for the research in order to manage waste. One of the methods is recycling of plastics, glass, and papers. This method reduces the disposals costs for companies. It is therefore advisable that engineers practice recycling, reusing, and use of refillable containers in order to enhance professional ethics. References Bennett, F.L., 1996. The management of engineering: human, quality, organizational, legal, and ethical aspects of professional practice. John Wiley Sons Inc. Danielson, C., 2011. Enhancing professional practice: A framework for teaching. ASCD. Darling, A.L. and Dannels, D.P., 2003. Practicing engineers talk about the importance of talk: A report on the role of oral communication in the workplace. Communication Education, 52(1), pp.1-16. Toft, Y., Howard, P. and Jorgensen, D., 2003. Human-centred engineersa model for holistic interdisciplinary communication and professional practice. International journal of industrial ergonomics, 31(3), pp.195-202. Daley, B.J., 2001. 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